Test Id : AK5IC
Adenylate Kinase 5 (AK5) IgG, Tissue Immunofluorescence, Spinal Fluid (Non-Orderable)
Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Only orderable as part of a profile. For more information see:
DMC2 / Dementia, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Spinal Fluid
ENC2 / Encephalopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Spinal Fluid
EPC2 / Epilepsy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Spinal Fluid
Evaluation of patients suspected to have autoimmune encephalitis using spinal fluid specimens
Reporting adenylate kinase 5 tissue immunofluorescence results as part of a profile
Reflex Tests
Lists tests that may or may not be performed, at an additional charge, depending on the result and interpretation of the initial tests.
| Test Id | Reporting Name | Available Separately | Always Performed |
|---|---|---|---|
| AK5CC | AK5 Ab CBA, CSF | No | No |
| AK5TC | AK5 Ab IFA Titer, CSF | No | No |
Testing Algorithm
Delineates situations when tests are added to the initial order. This includes reflex and additional tests.
If the indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) pattern suggests AK5 (adenylate kinase 5), then the AK5 antibody cell-binding assay and AK5 antibody IFA titer are performed at an additional charge.
Method Name
A short description of the method used to perform the test
Only orderable as part of a profile. For more information see:
-DMC2 / Dementia, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Spinal Fluid
-ENC2 / Encephalopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Spinal Fluid
-EPC2 / Epilepsy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Spinal Fluid
Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA)
NY State Available
Indicates the status of NY State approval and if the test is orderable for NY State clients.
Reporting Name
Lists a shorter or abbreviated version of the Published Name for a test
Aliases
Lists additional common names for a test, as an aid in searching
AK5
AK-5
Adenylate Kinase 5
Testing Algorithm
Delineates situations when tests are added to the initial order. This includes reflex and additional tests.
If the indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) pattern suggests AK5 (adenylate kinase 5), then the AK5 antibody cell-binding assay and AK5 antibody IFA titer are performed at an additional charge.
Specimen Type
Describes the specimen type validated for testing
CSF
Specimen Required
Defines the optimal specimen required to perform the test and the preferred volume to complete testing
Only orderable as part of a profile. For more information see:
-DMC2 / Dementia, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Spinal Fluid
-ENC2 / Encephalopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Spinal Fluid
-EPC2 / Epilepsy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Spinal Fluid
Specimen Minimum Volume
Defines the amount of sample necessary to provide a clinically relevant result as determined by the testing laboratory. The minimum volume is sufficient for one attempt at testing.
1.5 mL
Reject Due To
Identifies specimen types and conditions that may cause the specimen to be rejected
| Gross hemolysis | Reject |
| Gross lipemia | Reject |
| Gross icterus | Reject |
Specimen Stability Information
Provides a description of the temperatures required to transport a specimen to the performing laboratory, alternate acceptable temperatures are also included
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
|---|---|---|---|
| CSF | Refrigerated (preferred) | 28 days | |
| Ambient | 72 hours | ||
| Frozen | 28 days |
Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Only orderable as part of a profile. For more information see:
DMC2 / Dementia, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Spinal Fluid
ENC2 / Encephalopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Spinal Fluid
EPC2 / Epilepsy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Spinal Fluid
Evaluation of patients suspected to have autoimmune encephalitis using spinal fluid specimens
Reporting adenylate kinase 5 tissue immunofluorescence results as part of a profile
Testing Algorithm
Delineates situations when tests are added to the initial order. This includes reflex and additional tests.
If the indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) pattern suggests AK5 (adenylate kinase 5), then the AK5 antibody cell-binding assay and AK5 antibody IFA titer are performed at an additional charge.
Clinical Information
Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test
Adenylate kinase 5 IgG (AK5-IgG) is a marker intended for evaluating patients with autoimmune encephalitis, most often presenting as a non-paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis. Poor response to immunotherapy has been reported while there is no clear cancer association (non-paraneoplastic). AK5-IgG positive patients present with predominant severe amnestic syndrome, associated depression, and anxiety. Epilepsy is often absent at disease onset, however seizures may develop later.
Reference Values
Describes reference intervals and additional information for interpretation of test results. May include intervals based on age and sex when appropriate. Intervals are Mayo-derived, unless otherwise designated. If an interpretive report is provided, the reference value field will state this.
Only orderable as part of a profile. For more information see:
-DMC2 / Dementia, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Spinal Fluid
-ENC2 / Encephalopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Spinal Fluid
-EPC2 / Epilepsy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Spinal Fluid
Negative
Interpretation
Provides information to assist in interpretation of the test results
A positive result is consistent with adenylate kinase 5 autoimmunity that manifests with non-paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis.
Cautions
Discusses conditions that may cause diagnostic confusion, including improper specimen collection and handling, inappropriate test selection, and interfering substances
A negative result does not exclude the diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis.
Clinical Reference
Recommendations for in-depth reading of a clinical nature
1. Muuiz-Castrillo S, Hedou JJ, Ambati A, et al. Distinctive clinical presentation and pathogenic specificities of anti-AK5 encephalitis. Brain. 2021;144(9):2709-2721. doi:10.1093/brain/awab153
2. McKeon-Makki I, McKeon A, Yang B, et al. Adenylate kinase 5 (AK5) autoimmune encephalitis: Clinical presentations and outcomes in three new patients. J Neuroimmunol. 2022;367:577861. doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2022.577861
3. Honorat JA, Lopez-Chiriboga AS, Kryzer TJ, et al. Autoimmune gait disturbance accompanying adaptor protein-3B2-IgG. Neurology. 2019;93(10):e954-e963. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000008061
Method Description
Describes how the test is performed and provides a method-specific reference
The patient's specimen is tested by a standardized immunofluorescence assay that uses a composite frozen section of mouse cerebellum, kidney, and gut tissues. After incubation with the specimen and washing, fluorescein-conjugated goat-antihuman IgG is applied. Neuron-specific autoantibodies are identified by their characteristic fluorescence staining patterns. Specimens that are scored positive for any neuronal nuclear or cytoplasmic autoantibody are titrated. Interference by coexisting non-neuron-specific autoantibodies can usually be eliminated by serologic absorption.(Honorat JA, Komorowski L, Josephs KA, et al. IgLON5 antibody: Neurological accompaniments and outcomes in 20 patients. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2017;4[5]:e385)
PDF Report
Indicates whether the report includes an additional document with charts, images or other enriched information
Day(s) Performed
Outlines the days the test is performed. This field reflects the day that the sample must be in the testing laboratory to begin the testing process and includes any specimen preparation and processing time before the test is performed. Some tests are listed as continuously performed, which means that assays are performed multiple times during the day.
Varies
Report Available
The interval of time (receipt of sample at Mayo Clinic Laboratories to results available) taking into account standard setup days and weekends. The first day is the time that it typically takes for a result to be available. The last day is the time it might take, accounting for any necessary repeated testing.
Specimen Retention Time
Outlines the length of time after testing that a specimen is kept in the laboratory before it is discarded
Performing Laboratory Location
Indicates the location of the laboratory that performs the test
Fees
Several factors determine the fee charged to perform a test. Contact your U.S. or International Regional Manager for information about establishing a fee schedule or to learn more about resources to optimize test selection.
- Authorized users can sign in to Test Prices for detailed fee information.
- Clients without access to Test Prices can contact Customer Service 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
- Prospective clients should contact their account representative. For assistance, contact Customer Service.
Test Classification
Provides information regarding the medical device classification for laboratory test kits and reagents. Tests may be classified as cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and used per manufacturer instructions, or as products that do not undergo full FDA review and approval, and are then labeled as an Analyte Specific Reagent (ASR) product.
This test was developed and its performance characteristics determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. It has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.
CPT Code Information
Provides guidance in determining the appropriate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code(s) information for each test or profile. The listed CPT codes reflect Mayo Clinic Laboratories interpretation of CPT coding requirements. It is the responsibility of each laboratory to determine correct CPT codes to use for billing.
CPT codes are provided by the performing laboratory.
CPT codes are provided by the performing laboratory.
86255
LOINC® Information
Provides guidance in determining the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) values for the order and results codes of this test. LOINC values are provided by the performing laboratory.
| Test Id | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| AK5IC | AK5 Ab IFA, CSF | In Process |
| Result Id | Test Result Name |
Result LOINC Value
Applies only to results expressed in units of measure originally reported by the performing laboratory. These values do not apply to results that are converted to other units of measure.
|
|---|---|---|
| 623398 | AK5 Ab IFA, CSF | In Process |