Amphetamine-Type Stimulants (ATS)
Alias: Amfetamine
Interpretation
- The presence of ATS >LOQ indicates exposure within a 2- to 3-day interval preceding specimen collection.
Metabolites
- Methamphetamine is metabolized to amphetamine; both can be present in urine after methamphetamine use.
Methamphetamine → Amphetamine
- Selegiline, femprofazone, and benzphetamine are all metabolized to methamphetamine and amphetamine.
- Clobenzorex is metabolized to amphetamine.
- Amphetamine is not metabolized to methamphetamine; absence of methamphetamine in the presence of amphetamine indicates the primary drug of use is amphetamine.
- 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (Ecstasy, MDMA) is metabolized to 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA).
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine → 3,4-methylenedioxy-amphetamine
Confirmation Tests:
Approximate Detection Times
| Amphetamine-Type Stimulants | LOQ (ng/mL) | Detection Time* up to |
|---|---|---|
| Amphetamine | 25 | 3 days |
| Methamphetamine | 25 | 3 days |
| 3,4‑Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) | 25 | 2 days |
| 3,4‑Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) | 25 | 2 days |
| Phentermine | 25 | |
| Ephedrine/pseudoephedrine | 25 | 5 days |
Note: These tests do not differentiate between dextro (+) amphetamines (eg, dexamphetamine) and racemic mixtures of dextro (+) and levo (-) isomers that are present in “street” amphetamines. These tests do not differentiate between ephedrine and pseudoephedrine.