Test Id : VIP
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide, Plasma
Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Detecting vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-producing tumors in patients with chronic diarrheal diseases
Method Name
A short description of the method used to perform the test
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
NY State Available
Indicates the status of NY State approval and if the test is orderable for NY State clients.
Reporting Name
Lists a shorter or abbreviated version of the Published Name for a test
Aliases
Lists additional common names for a test, as an aid in searching
VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide)
Specimen Type
Describes the specimen type validated for testing
Plasma EDTA
Specimen Required
Defines the optimal specimen required to perform the test and the preferred volume to complete testing
Supplies: Sarstedt Aliquot Tube, 5 mL (T914)
Collection Container/Tube: Lavender top (EDTA)
Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial
Specimen Volume: 1 mL
Collection Instructions: Centrifuge and aliquot plasma into a plastic vial. Freeze immediately.
Forms
If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send an Oncology Test Request (T729) with the specimen.
Specimen Minimum Volume
Defines the amount of sample necessary to provide a clinically relevant result as determined by the testing laboratory. The minimum volume is sufficient for one attempt at testing.
0.55 mL
Reject Due To
Identifies specimen types and conditions that may cause the specimen to be rejected
| Gross hemolysis | Reject |
| Gross lipemia | Reject |
| Gross icterus | OK |
Specimen Stability Information
Provides a description of the temperatures required to transport a specimen to the performing laboratory, alternate acceptable temperatures are also included
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
|---|---|---|---|
| Plasma EDTA | Frozen | 90 days |
Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Detecting vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-producing tumors in patients with chronic diarrheal diseases
Clinical Information
Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) was originally isolated from porcine small intestine and was recognized by its potent vasodilator activity. This brain/gut hormone has widespread distribution and is present in neuronal cell bodies localized in the central nervous system, digestive, respiratory, and urogenital tracts, and exocrine, thyroid, and adrenal glands. VIP has a wide scope of biological actions. The main effects of VIP include relaxation of smooth muscle (bronchial and vascular dilation), stimulation of gastrointestinal water and electrolyte secretion, and release of pancreatic hormones.
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-producing tumors are rare; most (90%) are located in the pancreas. Watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, and achlorhydria are key symptoms.
Reference Values
Describes reference intervals and additional information for interpretation of test results. May include intervals based on age and sex when appropriate. Intervals are Mayo-derived, unless otherwise designated. If an interpretive report is provided, the reference value field will state this.
<86 pg/mL
Interpretation
Provides information to assist in interpretation of the test results
An elevated vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) may indicate the presence of an enteropancreatic tumor causing hypersecretion of VIP.
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-producing tumors are unlikely with a 24-hour stool volume below 700 mL.
Cautions
Discusses conditions that may cause diagnostic confusion, including improper specimen collection and handling, inappropriate test selection, and interfering substances
Test results cannot be interpreted as absolute evidence for the presence or absence of malignant disease. Use vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) results in conjunction with information from the clinical evaluation of the patient and other diagnostic procedures. This test should not be used for cancer screening or cancer diagnosis.
Assay sensitivity may be lower than the previous VIP radioimmunoassay. The absence of elevated VIP does not rule out the presence of malignancy.
In rare cases, some individuals can develop antibodies to mouse or other animal antibodies (often referred to as human anti-mouse antibodies [HAMA] or heterophile antibodies), which may cause interference in some immunoassays. Caution should be used in interpretation of results and the laboratory should be alerted if the result does not correlate with the clinical presentation.
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide concentration determinations are method dependent. Values obtained with different assay methods or kits may differ and cannot be used interchangeably.
Clinical Reference
Recommendations for in-depth reading of a clinical nature
1. Smith SL, Branton SA, Avino AJ, et al. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide secreting islet cell tumors: a 15-year experience and review of the literature. Surgery. 1998;124(6):1050-1055
2. Ghaferi AA, Chojnacki KA, Long WD, Cameron JL, Yeo CJ. Pancreatic VIPomas: subject review and one institutional experience. J Gastrointest Surg. 2008;12(2):382-393
3. Eisenhofer G, Grebe S, Cheung NK, et al. Monoamine-producing tumors. In: Rifai N, Horvath AR, Wittwer CT, eds. Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics. 6th ed. Elsevier; 2018:1421
4. Una Cidon E. Vasoactive intestinal peptide secreting tumour: An overview. World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2022;14(4):808-819
Method Description
Describes how the test is performed and provides a method-specific reference
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is a two-step competitive immunoassay. VIP in the patient sample competes with a biotin-labelled antigen for a limited number of anti-VIP antibody binding sites on the microplate wells during the first incubation. After a wash step to remove unbound and excess material the samples are incubated with a streptavidin anti horseradish peroxidase conjugate to form a biotin conjugate complex. After washing, an enzyme substrate is added and incubated. Following the incubation, the reaction is stopped by addition of a stopping solution. Antibody-analyte complex is detected by absorbance measurement at 450 nm wavelength. The absorbance measured is inversely proportional to the concentration of VIP in the samples and calibrators.(Unpublished Mayo method)
PDF Report
Indicates whether the report includes an additional document with charts, images or other enriched information
Day(s) Performed
Outlines the days the test is performed. This field reflects the day that the sample must be in the testing laboratory to begin the testing process and includes any specimen preparation and processing time before the test is performed. Some tests are listed as continuously performed, which means that assays are performed multiple times during the day.
Monday, Thursday
Report Available
The interval of time (receipt of sample at Mayo Clinic Laboratories to results available) taking into account standard setup days and weekends. The first day is the time that it typically takes for a result to be available. The last day is the time it might take, accounting for any necessary repeated testing.
Specimen Retention Time
Outlines the length of time after testing that a specimen is kept in the laboratory before it is discarded
Performing Laboratory Location
Indicates the location of the laboratory that performs the test
Fees :
Several factors determine the fee charged to perform a test. Contact your U.S. or International Regional Manager for information about establishing a fee schedule or to learn more about resources to optimize test selection.
- Authorized users can sign in to Test Prices for detailed fee information.
- Clients without access to Test Prices can contact Customer Service 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
- Prospective clients should contact their account representative. For assistance, contact Customer Service.
Test Classification
Provides information regarding the medical device classification for laboratory test kits and reagents. Tests may be classified as cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and used per manufacturer instructions, or as products that do not undergo full FDA review and approval, and are then labeled as an Analyte Specific Reagent (ASR) product.
This test was developed and its performance characteristics determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. It has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.
CPT Code Information
Provides guidance in determining the appropriate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code(s) information for each test or profile. The listed CPT codes reflect Mayo Clinic Laboratories interpretation of CPT coding requirements. It is the responsibility of each laboratory to determine correct CPT codes to use for billing.
CPT codes are provided by the performing laboratory.
CPT codes are provided by the performing laboratory.
84586
LOINC® Information
Provides guidance in determining the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) values for the order and results codes of this test. LOINC values are provided by the performing laboratory.
| Test Id | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| VIP | Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide,P | 3125-2 |
| Result Id | Test Result Name |
Result LOINC Value
Applies only to results expressed in units of measure originally reported by the performing laboratory. These values do not apply to results that are converted to other units of measure.
|
|---|---|---|
| 8150 | Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide,P | 3125-2 |