Test Id : C5FX
C5 Complement, Functional, Serum
Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Diagnosis of C5 deficiency
Investigation of a patient with an undetectable total complement level
Method Name
A short description of the method used to perform the test
Automated Liposome Lysis Assay
NY State Available
Indicates the status of NY State approval and if the test is orderable for NY State clients.
Reporting Name
Lists a shorter or abbreviated version of the Published Name for a test
Aliases
Lists additional common names for a test, as an aid in searching
C5
Complement
Fifth Component of Complement
Functional C5
Functional Complement
Hemolytic C5
Hemolytic Complement
Specimen Type
Describes the specimen type validated for testing
Serum
Ordering Guidance
The total complement assay (COM / Complement, Total, Serum) should be used as a screen for suspected complement deficiencies before ordering individual complement component assays. A deficiency of an individual component of the complement cascade will result in an undetectable total complement level.
Specimen Required
Defines the optimal specimen required to perform the test and the preferred volume to complete testing
Patient Preparation:
Fasting: 12 hours, preferred
Supplies: Sarstedt Aliquot Tube, 5 mL (T914)
Collection Container/Tube:
Preferred: Serum gel
Acceptable: Red top
Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial
Specimen Volume: 1 mL
Collection Instructions:
1. Immediately after specimen collection, place the tube on wet ice and allow specimen to clot.
2. Centrifuge at 4 degrees C and aliquot serum into a plastic vial.
3. Within 30 minutes of centrifugation, freeze specimen. Specimen must be placed on dry ice if not frozen immediately.
NOTE: If a refrigerated centrifuge is not available, it is acceptable to use a room temperature centrifuge, provided the sample is kept on ice before centrifugation, and immediately afterward, the serum is aliquoted and frozen.
Specimen Minimum Volume
Defines the amount of sample necessary to provide a clinically relevant result as determined by the testing laboratory. The minimum volume is sufficient for one attempt at testing.
0.5 mL
Reject Due To
Identifies specimen types and conditions that may cause the specimen to be rejected
| Gross hemolysis | OK |
| Gross lipemia | Reject |
| Gross icterus | OK |
Specimen Stability Information
Provides a description of the temperatures required to transport a specimen to the performing laboratory, alternate acceptable temperatures are also included
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
|---|---|---|---|
| Serum | Frozen | 14 days |
Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Diagnosis of C5 deficiency
Investigation of a patient with an undetectable total complement level
Clinical Information
Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test
Complement proteins are components of the innate immune system. There are 3 pathways to complement activation: 1) the classical pathway, 2) the alternative (or properdin) pathway, and 3) the lectin (mannan-binding lectin) pathway. The classical pathway of the complement system is composed of a series of proteins that are activated in response to the presence of immune complexes. A single IgM molecule or 2 IgG molecules are sufficient to trigger activation of the recognition complex initiated by C1q. The activation process triggers a cascade that includes an amplification loop. The amplification loop is mediated by C3, with cleavage of a series of proteins, and results in 3 main end products: 1) anaphylatoxins that promote inflammation (C3a, C5a), 2) opsonization peptides that are chemotactic for neutrophils (C3b) and facilitate phagocytosis, and 3) the membrane attack complex (MAC), which promotes cell lysis.
Patients with deficiencies of the late complement proteins (C5, C6, C7, C8, and C9) are unable to form the MAC and may have increased susceptibility to neisserial infections. There have been between 20 and 100 cases of C5 deficiency reported.
Complement levels can be detected by antigen assays that quantitate the amount of the protein (C5AG / C5 Complement, Antigen, Serum). For most of the complement proteins, a small number of cases have been described in which the protein is present but is nonfunctional. These rare cases require a functional assay to detect the deficiency.
Reference Values
Describes reference intervals and additional information for interpretation of test results. May include intervals based on age and sex when appropriate. Intervals are Mayo-derived, unless otherwise designated. If an interpretive report is provided, the reference value field will state this.
29-53 U/mL
Interpretation
Provides information to assist in interpretation of the test results
Low levels of complement may be due to inherited deficiencies, acquired deficiencies, or due to complement consumption (eg, as a consequence of infectious or autoimmune processes).
Absent C5 levels in the presence of normal C3 and C4 values are consistent with a C5 deficiency. Absent C5 levels in the presence of low C3 and C4 values suggest complement consumption.
Normal results indicate both normal C5 protein levels and normal functional activity.
Cautions
Discusses conditions that may cause diagnostic confusion, including improper specimen collection and handling, inappropriate test selection, and interfering substances
As with all complement assays, proper specimen handling is of utmost importance to ensure that the complement system is not activated before clinical testing.
Absent (or low) complement C5 functional levels in the presence of normal C5 antigen levels should be replicated with a new serum specimen to confirm that C5 inactivation did not occur during shipping.
Clinical Reference
Recommendations for in-depth reading of a clinical nature
1. Sonntag J, Brandenburg U, Polzehl D, et al. Complement systems in healthy term newborns: reference values in umbilical cord blood. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 1998;1(2):131-135
2. Prellner K, Sjoholm AG, Truedsson L. Concentrations of C1q, factor B, factor D and properdin in healthy children, and the age-related presence of circulating C1r-C1s complexes. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1987;76(6):939-943
3. Davis ML, Austin C, Messmer BL, et al. IFCC-standardization pediatric reference intervals for 10 serum proteins using the Beckman Array 360 system. Clin Biochem. 1996;29(5):489-492
4. Gaither TA, Frank MM: Complement. In: Henry JB, ed. Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 17th ed. WB Saunders Company; 1984:879-892
5. O'Neil KM. Complement deficiency. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2000;19(2):83-108
6. Frank MM. Complement deficiencies. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2000 Dec;47(6):1339-1354
7. Willrich MAV, Braun KMP, Moyer AM, Jeffrey DH, Frazer-Abel A. Complement testing in the clinical laboratory. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 2021;58(7):447-478. doi:10.1080/10408363.2021.1907297
Method Description
Describes how the test is performed and provides a method-specific reference
Activity of C5 is measured by mixing patient serum with a C5-deficient serum. The lytic activity of the serum mixture is tested against sensitized, labeled liposomes. If lysis occurs, the patient serum must be the source of the C5. The target liposomes are a commercial reagent (WAKO total complement CH50), and the assay is performed on a Siemens Advia XPT.(Unpublished Mayo method)
PDF Report
Indicates whether the report includes an additional document with charts, images or other enriched information
Day(s) Performed
Outlines the days the test is performed. This field reflects the day that the sample must be in the testing laboratory to begin the testing process and includes any specimen preparation and processing time before the test is performed. Some tests are listed as continuously performed, which means that assays are performed multiple times during the day.
Monday through Friday
Report Available
The interval of time (receipt of sample at Mayo Clinic Laboratories to results available) taking into account standard setup days and weekends. The first day is the time that it typically takes for a result to be available. The last day is the time it might take, accounting for any necessary repeated testing.
Specimen Retention Time
Outlines the length of time after testing that a specimen is kept in the laboratory before it is discarded
Performing Laboratory Location
Indicates the location of the laboratory that performs the test
Fees :
Several factors determine the fee charged to perform a test. Contact your U.S. or International Regional Manager for information about establishing a fee schedule or to learn more about resources to optimize test selection.
- Authorized users can sign in to Test Prices for detailed fee information.
- Clients without access to Test Prices can contact Customer Service 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
- Prospective clients should contact their account representative. For assistance, contact Customer Service.
Test Classification
Provides information regarding the medical device classification for laboratory test kits and reagents. Tests may be classified as cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and used per manufacturer instructions, or as products that do not undergo full FDA review and approval, and are then labeled as an Analyte Specific Reagent (ASR) product.
This test was developed and its performance characteristics determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. It has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.
CPT Code Information
Provides guidance in determining the appropriate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code(s) information for each test or profile. The listed CPT codes reflect Mayo Clinic Laboratories interpretation of CPT coding requirements. It is the responsibility of each laboratory to determine correct CPT codes to use for billing.
CPT codes are provided by the performing laboratory.
CPT codes are provided by the performing laboratory.
86161
LOINC® Information
Provides guidance in determining the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) values for the order and results codes of this test. LOINC values are provided by the performing laboratory.
| Test Id | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| C5FX | C5 Complement, Functional, S | 60472-8 |
| Result Id | Test Result Name |
Result LOINC Value
Applies only to results expressed in units of measure originally reported by the performing laboratory. These values do not apply to results that are converted to other units of measure.
|
|---|---|---|
| C5FX | C5 Complement, Functional, S | 60472-8 |