Test Id : BILAO
Biliary Tract Malignancy, FISH, Varies
Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Assessing bile duct brushing or hepatobiliary brushing specimens for biliary tract malignancy
Reflex Tests
Lists tests that may or may not be performed, at an additional charge, depending on the result and interpretation of the initial tests.
| Test Id | Reporting Name | Available Separately | Always Performed |
|---|---|---|---|
| BILOB | Biliary Tract Malignancy, FISH | No | No |
| BILOC | Biliary Tract Malignancy, FISH | No | No |
| BILOD | Biliary Tract Malignancy, FISH | No | No |
| BILOE | Biliary Tract Malignancy, FISH | No | No |
| BILOF | Biliary Tract Malignancy, FISH | No | No |
Testing Algorithm
Delineates situations when tests are added to the initial order. This includes reflex and additional tests.
When this test is ordered, fluorescence in situ hybridization testing will be performed. When additional specimens are received, the laboratory will add BILOB to the second specimen, BILOC to the third specimen, and so on.
Method Name
A short description of the method used to perform the test
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH)
NY State Available
Indicates the status of NY State approval and if the test is orderable for NY State clients.
Reporting Name
Lists a shorter or abbreviated version of the Published Name for a test
Aliases
Lists additional common names for a test, as an aid in searching
Bile Duct Cancer, FISH
Bile Duct Cytology
Bile Duct Stricture Malignancy, FISH
BILAO
Cholangiocarcinoma, FISH
Testing Algorithm
Delineates situations when tests are added to the initial order. This includes reflex and additional tests.
When this test is ordered, fluorescence in situ hybridization testing will be performed. When additional specimens are received, the laboratory will add BILOB to the second specimen, BILOC to the third specimen, and so on.
Specimen Type
Describes the specimen type validated for testing
Varies
ORDER QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
| Question ID | Description | Answers |
|---|---|---|
| MC029 | Source | |
| MC030 | Fixation | |
| MC031 | Collection Method | |
| MC032 | Clinical History |
Specimen Required
Defines the optimal specimen required to perform the test and the preferred volume to complete testing
Supplies: PreservCyt Vial (T536)
Specimen Type: Bile duct brushing, bile duct aspirate, hepatobiliary brushing, or hepatobiliary aspirate (fine-needle aspiration is not acceptable)
Container/Tube: Separate ThinPrep vial, containing 20 mL PreservCyt or CytoLyt solution for each specimen
Specimen Volume: Entire collection
Collection Instructions:
1. If performing local cytology in addition to fluorescence in situ hybridization testing, aliquot half of the specimen into another ThinPrep vial before processing the specimen.
2. Submission of residual specimen (after processing other testing) may compromise the sensitivity of the test.
3. Label each specimen with specific source (eg, right hepatic duct or common bile duct).
Special Instructions
Library of PDFs including pertinent information and forms related to the test
Forms
Specimen Minimum Volume
Defines the amount of sample necessary to provide a clinically relevant result as determined by the testing laboratory. The minimum volume is sufficient for one attempt at testing.
See Specimen Required
Reject Due To
Identifies specimen types and conditions that may cause the specimen to be rejected
| Pancreatic mass Pancreatic cyst Pancreatic fine-needle aspiration (FNA) | Reject |
Specimen Stability Information
Provides a description of the temperatures required to transport a specimen to the performing laboratory, alternate acceptable temperatures are also included
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
|---|---|---|---|
| Varies | Refrigerated (preferred) | ||
| Ambient | |||
Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Assessing bile duct brushing or hepatobiliary brushing specimens for biliary tract malignancy
Testing Algorithm
Delineates situations when tests are added to the initial order. This includes reflex and additional tests.
When this test is ordered, fluorescence in situ hybridization testing will be performed. When additional specimens are received, the laboratory will add BILOB to the second specimen, BILOC to the third specimen, and so on.
Clinical Information
Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is used to examine patients with biliary tract obstruction or stricture for possible malignancy. Biopsies and cytologic specimens are obtained at the time of ERCP. Cytologic analysis complements biopsy by sometimes detecting malignancy in patients with a negative biopsy. Nonetheless, a number of studies suggest that the overall sensitivity of bile duct brushing and bile aspirate cytology is quite low.
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a technique that utilizes fluorescently-labeled DNA probes to examine cells for chromosomal alterations. FISH can be used to detect cells with chromosomal changes (eg, aneuploidy) that are indicative of malignancy. Studies in our laboratory indicate that the sensitivity of FISH to detect malignant cells in biliary brush specimens is superior to that of conventional cytology.
Reference Values
Describes reference intervals and additional information for interpretation of test results. May include intervals based on age and sex when appropriate. Intervals are Mayo-derived, unless otherwise designated. If an interpretive report is provided, the reference value field will state this.
No abnormality detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization
Interpretation
Provides information to assist in interpretation of the test results
An interpretive report will be provided.
Cautions
Discusses conditions that may cause diagnostic confusion, including improper specimen collection and handling, inappropriate test selection, and interfering substances
A positive fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) result does not identify location or type of malignancy. FISH abnormalities may be associated with high-grade dysplasia or carcinoma in situ. Cytology and biopsy may help clarify such situations.
Supportive Data
Cell counts using the biliary fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) probe set on pancreatobiliary brushings were compared between 49 patients with malignancy and 41 patients without malignancy to determine normal value cutoffs for this assay. The cutoff values were independently validated in a blinded study from brushing samples collected from 112 patients at the time of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Among patients with malignancy on follow-up, the sensitivity of a polysomy FISH result was significantly superior to cytology (74% vs. 28%, P<0.001). The specificity of FISH and cytology were similar (96% vs. 100%).
Clinical Reference
Recommendations for in-depth reading of a clinical nature
1. Barr Fritcher EG, Voss JS, Brankley SM, et al. An optimized set of fluorescence in situ hybridization probes for detection of pancreatobiliary tract cancer in cytology brush samples. Gastroenterology. 2015;149(7):1813-1824. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2015.08.046
2. Barr Fritcher EG, Kipp BR, Voss JS, et al. ST27: The development of a tailored pancreatobiliary fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay to improve detection of malignancy in pancreatobiliary brushings. J Mol Diagn. 2013;15(6):909
3. Barr Fritcher EG, Kipp BR, Halling KC, et al. A multivariable model using advanced cytologic methods for the evaluation of indeterminate pancreatobiliary strictures. Gastroenterology. 2009;136(7):2180-2186. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2009.02.040
Method Description
Describes how the test is performed and provides a method-specific reference
Biliary cells are harvested, fixed, and placed on a slide. Fluorescently labeled DNA probes to 1q21 (MCL1), 7p12 (EGFR), 8q24 (MYC), and 9p21 (CDKN2A) (Abbott Molecular, Inc) are hybridized to the cells on the slide. The slide is then washed and stained with DAPI (4',6-diamidine-2'-phenylindole dihydrochloride, a nuclear counterstain). Fluorescence microscopy with unique band filters is used to assess 100 consecutive epithelial cells for gains and losses of probe signals (chromosomal loci). Specimens are considered abnormal if cell counts exceed predetermined cutoff values for one or more of the following abnormalities: polysomy, homozygous 9p21 loss, single locus gain, single locus gain with 9p21 loss in the same cells, and/or tetrasomy. If the cutoff for polysomy is not attained in the 100-cell enumeration, then the remainder of the slide is assessed for polysomy until the cutoff is reached or the slide is exhausted.(Unpublished Mayo method)
PDF Report
Indicates whether the report includes an additional document with charts, images or other enriched information
Day(s) Performed
Outlines the days the test is performed. This field reflects the day that the sample must be in the testing laboratory to begin the testing process and includes any specimen preparation and processing time before the test is performed. Some tests are listed as continuously performed, which means that assays are performed multiple times during the day.
Monday through Friday
Report Available
The interval of time (receipt of sample at Mayo Clinic Laboratories to results available) taking into account standard setup days and weekends. The first day is the time that it typically takes for a result to be available. The last day is the time it might take, accounting for any necessary repeated testing.
Specimen Retention Time
Outlines the length of time after testing that a specimen is kept in the laboratory before it is discarded
Performing Laboratory Location
Indicates the location of the laboratory that performs the test
Fees :
Several factors determine the fee charged to perform a test. Contact your U.S. or International Regional Manager for information about establishing a fee schedule or to learn more about resources to optimize test selection.
- Authorized users can sign in to Test Prices for detailed fee information.
- Clients without access to Test Prices can contact Customer Service 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
- Prospective clients should contact their account representative. For assistance, contact Customer Service.
Test Classification
Provides information regarding the medical device classification for laboratory test kits and reagents. Tests may be classified as cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and used per manufacturer instructions, or as products that do not undergo full FDA review and approval, and are then labeled as an Analyte Specific Reagent (ASR) product.
This test was developed using an analyte specific reagent. Its performance characteristics were determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. This test has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.
CPT Code Information
Provides guidance in determining the appropriate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code(s) information for each test or profile. The listed CPT codes reflect Mayo Clinic Laboratories interpretation of CPT coding requirements. It is the responsibility of each laboratory to determine correct CPT codes to use for billing.
CPT codes are provided by the performing laboratory.
CPT codes are provided by the performing laboratory.
88377
LOINC® Information
Provides guidance in determining the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) values for the order and results codes of this test. LOINC values are provided by the performing laboratory.
| Test Id | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| BILAO | Biliary Tract Malignancy, FISH | 95229-1 |
| Result Id | Test Result Name |
Result LOINC Value
Applies only to results expressed in units of measure originally reported by the performing laboratory. These values do not apply to results that are converted to other units of measure.
|
|---|---|---|
| 71918 | Result Summary | 50397-9 |
| 71919 | Result | 95229-1 |
| 71920 | Interpretation | 69965-2 |
| 71921 | Reason for Referral | 42349-1 |
| 71922 | Specimen | 31208-2 |
| MC029 | Source | 39111-0 |
| MC030 | Fixation | 8100-0 |
| MC031 | Collection Method | 33724-6 |
| MC032 | Clinical History | 22636-5 |
| 71927 | Method | 85069-3 |
| 71928 | Released By | 18771-6 |