Test Id : MAGU
Magnesium, 24 Hour, Urine
Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Assessing the cause of abnormal serum magnesium concentrations using a 24-hour urine collection
Determining whether nutritional magnesium loads are adequate
Calculating urinary calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate supersaturation and assessing kidney stone risk
Method Name
A short description of the method used to perform the test
Colorimetric Endpoint Assay
NY State Available
Indicates the status of NY State approval and if the test is orderable for NY State clients.
Reporting Name
Lists a shorter or abbreviated version of the Published Name for a test
Aliases
Lists additional common names for a test, as an aid in searching
Magnesium (Mg)
Mg (Magnesium)
Specimen Type
Describes the specimen type validated for testing
Urine
Necessary Information
Specimen volume in milliliters and duration are required.
ORDER QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
| Question ID | Description | Answers |
|---|---|---|
| TM115 | Collection Duration | |
| VL111 | Urine Volume |
Specimen Required
Defines the optimal specimen required to perform the test and the preferred volume to complete testing
Supplies: Sarstedt 5 mL Aliquot Tube (T914)
Collection Container/Tube: 24-hour graduated urine container with no metal cap or glued insert
Submission Container/Tube: Plastic, 5 mL tube or a clean, plastic urine container with no metal cap or glued insert
Specimen Volume: 4 mL
Collection Instructions:
1. Collect urine for 24 hours.
2. Refrigerate specimen within 4 hours of completion of 24-hour collection.
Additional Information: See Urine Preservatives-Collection and Transportation for 24-Hour Urine Specimens for multiple collections.
Special Instructions
Library of PDFs including pertinent information and forms related to the test
Forms
If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send a Renal Diagnostics Test Request (T830) with the specimen.
Urine Preservative Collection Options
Note: The addition of preservative or application of temperature controls must occur within 4 hours of completion of the collection.
| | OK |
| Refrigerate | Preferred |
| Frozen | OK |
| 50% Acetic Acid | OK |
| Boric Acid | OK |
| Diazolidinyl Urea | OK |
| 6M Hydrochloric Acid | OK |
| 6M Nitric Acid | No |
| Sodium Carbonate | No |
| Thymol | OK |
| Toluene | No |
Specimen Minimum Volume
Defines the amount of sample necessary to provide a clinically relevant result as determined by the testing laboratory. The minimum volume is sufficient for one attempt at testing.
1 mL
Reject Due To
Identifies specimen types and conditions that may cause the specimen to be rejected
| All specimens will be evaluated at Mayo Clinic Laboratories for test suitability. |
Specimen Stability Information
Provides a description of the temperatures required to transport a specimen to the performing laboratory, alternate acceptable temperatures are also included
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
|---|---|---|---|
| Urine | Refrigerated (preferred) | 14 days | |
| Ambient | 72 hours | ||
| Frozen | 30 days |
Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Assessing the cause of abnormal serum magnesium concentrations using a 24-hour urine collection
Determining whether nutritional magnesium loads are adequate
Calculating urinary calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate supersaturation and assessing kidney stone risk
Clinical Information
Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test
Magnesium, along with potassium, is a major intracellular cation. Magnesium is a cofactor of many enzyme systems. All adenosine triphosphate-dependent enzymatic reactions require magnesium as a cofactor. Approximately 70% of magnesium ions are stored in bone. The remainder are involved in intermediary metabolic processes; about 70% are present in free form, while the other 30% are bound to proteins (especially albumin), citrates, phosphate, and other complex formers. The serum magnesium level is kept constant within very narrow limits
Renal handling of magnesium is determined by the combination of filtration and reabsorption. Roughly 70% of the magnesium in plasma is filtered by the glomeruli; 20% to 30% of the filtered magnesium is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule, while less than 5% is reabsorbed in the distal tubule and collecting duct.(1)
Numerous causes of renal magnesium wasting have been identified including (but not limited to) congenital defects (including Barter and Gitelman syndrome), various endocrine disorders (including hyperaldosteronism and hyperparathyroidism), exposure to certain drugs (ie, diuretics, cis-platinum, aminoglycoside antibiotics, calcineurin inhibitors), and other miscellaneous causes (including chronic alcohol abuse). Gastrointestinal conditions associated with fat malabsorption and chronic diarrhea can cause fecal magnesium loss and hypomagnesemia. High levels of plasma magnesium are typically only seen in patients with decreased renal function, after administration of a magnesium load large enough to exceed the kidneys' ability to excrete it, or a combination of the 2.(2)
Magnesium is an inhibitor of calcium crystal growth and contributes to urinary calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate supersaturation. However, low urinary magnesium in isolation has not been identified as a common cause of kidney stones, nor has magnesium supplementation been proven as an effective therapy for stone prevention.
Reference Values
Describes reference intervals and additional information for interpretation of test results. May include intervals based on age and sex when appropriate. Intervals are Mayo-derived, unless otherwise designated. If an interpretive report is provided, the reference value field will state this.
51-269 mg/24 hour
Reference values have not been established for patients <18 years and >83 years of age.
Interpretation
Provides information to assist in interpretation of the test results
Urinary magnesium excretion should be interpreted in concert with serum concentrations.
In the presence of hypomagnesemia, a 24-hour urine magnesium greater than 24 mg/day or fractional excretion greater than 0.5% suggests renal magnesium wasting. Lower values suggest inadequate magnesium intake and/or gastrointestinal losses.
In the presence of hypermagnesemia, urinary magnesium levels provide an indication of current magnesium intake.
Lower urinary magnesium excretion increases urinary calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate supersaturation and could contribute to kidney stone risk.
Cautions
Discusses conditions that may cause diagnostic confusion, including improper specimen collection and handling, inappropriate test selection, and interfering substances
Urinary magnesium excretion must be interpreted with caution during periods of intravenous magnesium infusion.
Clinical Reference
Recommendations for in-depth reading of a clinical nature
1. Delaney MP, Lamb EJ: Kidney disease. In: Rifai N, Horvath AR, Wittwer CT, eds. Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics. 6th ed. 2018:1309
2. Al Ghamdi SM: Magnesium deficiency: pathophysiologic and clinical overview. Am J Kidney Dis. 1994;24(5):737-752
3. Sutton RA: Abnormal renal magnesium handling. Miner Electrolyte Metab. 1993;19(4-5):232-240
Method Description
Describes how the test is performed and provides a method-specific reference
In alkaline solution, magnesium forms a purple complex with xylidyl blue, diazonium salt. The magnesium concentration is measured photometrically via the decrease in xylidyl blue absorbance.(Package insert: Roche MG2 kit. Roche Diagnostics; V8.0 01/2020)
PDF Report
Indicates whether the report includes an additional document with charts, images or other enriched information
Day(s) Performed
Outlines the days the test is performed. This field reflects the day that the sample must be in the testing laboratory to begin the testing process and includes any specimen preparation and processing time before the test is performed. Some tests are listed as continuously performed, which means that assays are performed multiple times during the day.
Monday through Sunday
Report Available
The interval of time (receipt of sample at Mayo Clinic Laboratories to results available) taking into account standard setup days and weekends. The first day is the time that it typically takes for a result to be available. The last day is the time it might take, accounting for any necessary repeated testing.
Specimen Retention Time
Outlines the length of time after testing that a specimen is kept in the laboratory before it is discarded
Performing Laboratory Location
Indicates the location of the laboratory that performs the test
Fees :
Several factors determine the fee charged to perform a test. Contact your U.S. or International Regional Manager for information about establishing a fee schedule or to learn more about resources to optimize test selection.
- Authorized users can sign in to Test Prices for detailed fee information.
- Clients without access to Test Prices can contact Customer Service 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
- Prospective clients should contact their account representative. For assistance, contact Customer Service.
Test Classification
Provides information regarding the medical device classification for laboratory test kits and reagents. Tests may be classified as cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and used per manufacturer instructions, or as products that do not undergo full FDA review and approval, and are then labeled as an Analyte Specific Reagent (ASR) product.
This test has been cleared, approved, or is exempt by the US Food and Drug Administration and is used per manufacturer's instructions. Performance characteristics were verified by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements.
CPT Code Information
Provides guidance in determining the appropriate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code(s) information for each test or profile. The listed CPT codes reflect Mayo Clinic Laboratories interpretation of CPT coding requirements. It is the responsibility of each laboratory to determine correct CPT codes to use for billing.
CPT codes are provided by the performing laboratory.
CPT codes are provided by the performing laboratory.
83735
LOINC® Information
Provides guidance in determining the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) values for the order and results codes of this test. LOINC values are provided by the performing laboratory.
| Test Id | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| MAGU | Magnesium, 24 HR, U | 24447-5 |
| Result Id | Test Result Name |
Result LOINC Value
Applies only to results expressed in units of measure originally reported by the performing laboratory. These values do not apply to results that are converted to other units of measure.
|
|---|---|---|
| MG24 | Magnesium, 24 HR, U | 24447-5 |
| TM115 | Collection Duration | 13362-9 |
| VL111 | Urine Volume | 3167-4 |