Cardiovascular risk assessment
Enzymatic Colorimetric
Cholesterol, HDL (High Density Lipoprotein)
HDL Direct
High Density Lipoprotein, Cholesterol
Serum
Patient Preparation: Preferred but not required
Container/Tube:
Preferred: Serum gel
Acceptable: Red top
Specimen Volume: 0.5 mL
Collection Instructions:
1. Serum gel tube must be centrifuged within 2 hours of draw time.
2. Red-top tube must be centrifuged and the serum aliquoted within 2 hours of draw time.
If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send a Cardiovascular Test Request (T724) with the specimen.
0.25 mL
Gross hemolysis | Reject |
Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
---|---|---|---|
Serum | Refrigerated (preferred) | 7 days | |
Frozen | 30 days |
Cardiovascular risk assessment
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is the smallest of the lipoprotein particles and comprises a complex family of lipoprotein particles that exist in a constant state of dynamic flux as the particles interact with other HDL particles and with low-density lipoprotein particles and very-low-density lipoprotein particles. HDL has the largest proportion of protein relative to lipid compared to other lipoproteins (>50% protein).
Total cholesterol levels have long been known to be related to coronary heart disease (CHD). HDL cholesterol is also an important tool used to assess an individual's risk of developing CHD since a strong negative relationship between HDL cholesterol concentration and the incidence of CHD has been reported.
In some individuals, exercise increases the HDL cholesterol level; those with more physical activity have higher HDL cholesterol values.
The National Lipid Association and the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) have set the following guidelines for lipids (total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein [LDL] cholesterol, and non-HDL cholesterol) in adults 18 years old and older:
HDL CHOLESTEROL
Males
> or =40 mg/dL
Females
> or =50 mg/dL
The Expert Panel on Integrated Guidelines for Cardiovascular Health and Risk Reduction in Children and Adolescents has set the following guidelines for lipids (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and non-HDL cholesterol) in children 2-17 years old:
HDL CHOLESTEROL
Low HDL: <40 mg/dL
Borderline low: 40-45 mg/dL
Acceptable: >45 mg/dL
Low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels correlate with increased risk for coronary heart disease (CHD). Values greater than or equal to 80 to 100 mg/dL may indicate metabolic response to certain medications such as hormone replacement therapy, chronic liver disease, or some form of chronic intoxication, such as with alcohol, heavy metals, or industrial chemicals including pesticides.
HDL values of 5 mg/dL or less occur in Tangier disease, in association with cholestatic liver disease, and in association with diminished hepatocyte function.
Fasting is not necessary but is preferable. However, if the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol data is used to calculate the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, fasting is required since triglycerides concentration is used in the calculation.
1. Burtis CA, Ashwood ER, eds: Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics. 5th ed. Elsevier Saunders; 2012
2. Rifai N, Warnick GR: Laboratory Measurement of Lipids, Lipoproteins, and Apolipoproteins. AACC Press; 1994
3. Jacobson TA, Ito MK, Maki KC, et al: National Lipid Association recommendations for patient-centered management of dyslipidemia: Part 1 - executive summary. J Clin Lipidol. 2014 Sep-Oct;8(5):473-488. doi: 10.1016/j.jacl.2014.07.007
4. Expert Panel on Integrated Guidelines for Cardiovascular Health and Risk Reduction in Children and Adolescents; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Expert panel on integrated guidelines for cardiovascular health and risk reduction in children and adolescents: summary report. Pediatrics. 2011;128;S213. doi: 10.1542/peds.2009-2107C
Non high-density lipoprotein (HDL) lipoproteins such as low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, and chylomicrons are combined with polyanions and a detergent forming a water-soluble complex. In this complex, the enzymatic reaction of cholesterol esterase (CHER) and cholesterol oxidase (CHOD) towards non-HDL lipoproteins is blocked. Finally, only HDL-particles can react with CHER and CHOD. The concentration of HDL-cholesterol is determined enzymatically by CHER and CHOD. Cholesterol esters are broken down quantitatively into free cholesterol and fatty acids by CHER. In the presence of peroxidase, the hydrogen peroxide generated reacts with 4-amino-antipyrine and N-ethyl-N-(3-methylphenyl)-N’-succinylethylenediamine) to form a dye. The color intensity of this dye is directly proportional to the cholesterol concentration and is measured photometrically.(Package insert: HDL-Cholesterol Gen4. Roche Diagnostics; V 2.0, 08/2018)
Monday through Sunday
This test has been cleared, approved, or is exempt by the US Food and Drug Administration and is used per manufacturer's instructions. Performance characteristics were verified by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements.
83718
Test Id | Test Order Name |
Order LOINC Value
Provides guidance in determining the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) values for the order and results codes of this test. LOINC values are provided by the performing laboratory.
|
---|---|---|
HDCH | Cholesterol, HDL, S | 2085-9 |
Result Id | Test Result Name |
Result LOINC Value
Applies only to results expressed in units of measure originally reported by the performing laboratory. These values do not apply to results that are converted to other units of measure.
|
---|---|---|
HDCH | Cholesterol, HDL, S | 2085-9 |