Test Id : MSTC
Strict Criteria Sperm Morphology for Infertility Diagnosis and Treatment, Semen
Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Diagnosing male infertility
Selecting the most cost-effective therapy for treating male-factor infertility
Quantifying the number of germinal and white blood cells per mL of semen
Method Name
A short description of the method used to perform the test
Kruger Criteria Strict Morphology
NY State Available
Indicates the status of NY State approval and if the test is orderable for NY State clients.
Reporting Name
Lists a shorter or abbreviated version of the Published Name for a test
Aliases
Lists additional common names for a test, as an aid in searching
Fertility Testing
Infertility Testing
Semen Analysis
Sperm Analysis
Sperm Motility
Specimen Type
Describes the specimen type validated for testing
Semen
Additional Testing Requirements
Conventional semen analysis, FER / Semen Analysis, Semen. should be performed in conjunction with this test.
Shipping Instructions
Semen specimen must arrive within 24 hours of collection. Send specimen Monday through Thursday only and not the day before a holiday. If holiday falls on a Saturday, holiday will be observed on the preceding Friday. Sunday holidays are observed on the following Monday. Specimen should be collected and packaged as close to shipping time as possible. Laboratory does not perform testing on weekends.
Necessary Information
Specimen volume is required.
Specimen Required
Defines the optimal specimen required to perform the test and the preferred volume to complete testing
Container/Tube: Semen Analysis Kit (T178)
Collection Instructions: Patient should have 2 to 7 days of sexual abstinence at the time of semen collection for accurate results.
Specimen Volume: Total ejaculate
Specimen Minimum Volume
Defines the amount of sample necessary to provide a clinically relevant result as determined by the testing laboratory. The minimum volume is sufficient for one attempt at testing.
A minimum count is needed. Lab will determine.
Reject Due To
Identifies specimen types and conditions that may cause the specimen to be rejected
Specimen Stability Information
Provides a description of the temperatures required to transport a specimen to the performing laboratory, alternate acceptable temperatures are also included
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
|---|---|---|---|
| Semen | Ambient | ||
Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Diagnosing male infertility
Selecting the most cost-effective therapy for treating male-factor infertility
Quantifying the number of germinal and white blood cells per mL of semen
Clinical Information
Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test
Infertility affects 1 out of 6 couples of child-bearing age. Approximately 40% of infertility has a female-factor cause and 40% a male-factor cause. The remaining 20% of infertility is due to a combination of male- and female-factor disorders or is unexplained.
Abnormalities in sperm morphology are related to defects in sperm transport, sperm capacitation, the acrosome reaction, binding/penetration of the zona pellucida, and fusion with the oocyte vitelline membrane. All of these steps are essential to normal fertility.
Strict criteria sperm morphology testing also greatly assists with selecting the most cost-effective in vitro sperm processing and insemination treatment for the couple's in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle. Sperm with severe head abnormalities are unlikely to bind to the zona pellucida. These patients may require intracytoplasmic sperm injection in association with their IVF cycle to ensure optimal levels of fertilization are achieved. This, in turn, provides the patient with the best chance of pregnancy.
Reference Values
Describes reference intervals and additional information for interpretation of test results. May include intervals based on age and sex when appropriate. Intervals are Mayo-derived, unless otherwise designated. If an interpretive report is provided, the reference value field will state this.
Normal forms
> or =4.0%
Germinal cells/mL
<4 x 10(6) (normal)
> or =4 x 10(6) (Elevated germinal cells in semen are of unknown clinical significance)
WBC/mL
<1 x 10(6) (normal)
> or =1 x 10(6) (Elevated white blood cells in semen are of questionable clinical significance)
Interpretation
Provides information to assist in interpretation of the test results
Categorizing sperm according to strict criteria based on measurements of head and tail sizes and shapes. Sperm with abnormalities in head/tail size/shape may not be capable of completing critical steps in sperm transport and fertilization.
Clinical Reference
Recommendations for in-depth reading of a clinical nature
1. Kruger Morphology Conference, Boston, MA, October 9, 1993
2. Cooper TG, Aitken J, Auger J, et al, eds. WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen. 5th ed. WHO Press; 2010
3. Bjorndahl L, Apolikhin O, Baldi E, et al, eds: WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen. 6th ed. World Health Organization; 2021
Method Description
Describes how the test is performed and provides a method-specific reference
Sperm is categorized according to strict criteria based on measurements of head and tail sizes and shapes. Sperm with abnormalities in head/tail size/shape are not capable of completing steps in the sperm transport and fertilization process. Quantification of the germinal and white blood cell (WBC) content in semen is performed because the presence of germinal and WBCs are indicative of possible disorders in spermatogenesis and genital tract infection, respectively.(Wazzan W, Thomas A: Genital infection and male infertility. AFS Annual Meeting, Postgraduate course, 1990; Menkveld R, Oettle E, Kruger T, et al: Atlas of human sperm morphology. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, MD, 1991; Scoring is based on a modified method of WHO laboratory manual for the examination of human semen and sperm-cervical mucus interaction. 5th ed. Cambridge University Press; 2010)
PDF Report
Indicates whether the report includes an additional document with charts, images or other enriched information
Day(s) Performed
Outlines the days the test is performed. This field reflects the day that the sample must be in the testing laboratory to begin the testing process and includes any specimen preparation and processing time before the test is performed. Some tests are listed as continuously performed, which means that assays are performed multiple times during the day.
Monday through Friday
Report Available
The interval of time (receipt of sample at Mayo Clinic Laboratories to results available) taking into account standard setup days and weekends. The first day is the time that it typically takes for a result to be available. The last day is the time it might take, accounting for any necessary repeated testing.
Specimen Retention Time
Outlines the length of time after testing that a specimen is kept in the laboratory before it is discarded
Performing Laboratory Location
Indicates the location of the laboratory that performs the test
Fees :
Several factors determine the fee charged to perform a test. Contact your U.S. or International Regional Manager for information about establishing a fee schedule or to learn more about resources to optimize test selection.
- Authorized users can sign in to Test Prices for detailed fee information.
- Clients without access to Test Prices can contact Customer Service 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
- Prospective clients should contact their account representative. For assistance, contact Customer Service.
Test Classification
Provides information regarding the medical device classification for laboratory test kits and reagents. Tests may be classified as cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and used per manufacturer instructions, or as products that do not undergo full FDA review and approval, and are then labeled as an Analyte Specific Reagent (ASR) product.
This test has been cleared, approved, or is exempt by the US Food and Drug Administration and is used per manufacturer's instructions. Performance characteristics were verified by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements.
CPT Code Information
Provides guidance in determining the appropriate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code(s) information for each test or profile. The listed CPT codes reflect Mayo Clinic Laboratories interpretation of CPT coding requirements. It is the responsibility of each laboratory to determine correct CPT codes to use for billing.
CPT codes are provided by the performing laboratory.
CPT codes are provided by the performing laboratory.
89398
LOINC® Information
Provides guidance in determining the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) values for the order and results codes of this test. LOINC values are provided by the performing laboratory.
| Test Id | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| MSTC | Strict Criteria Sperm Morphology | 48812-2 |
| Result Id | Test Result Name |
Result LOINC Value
Applies only to results expressed in units of measure originally reported by the performing laboratory. These values do not apply to results that are converted to other units of measure.
|
|---|---|---|
| OVAL2 | Strict Morph NL | 10622-9 |
| ACRSM | Acrosom Defect | In Process |
| HDSAB | Head Shape Abnormal | In Process |
| HDZAB | Head Size Abnormal | In Process |
| MD | Midpiece Defect | 10603-9 |
| TAILD | Tail Defect | 10604-7 |
| DBLF | Double Forms | In Process |
| MULTI | Multiple Defects | In Process |
| GERM3 | Germ Cells/mL | 10576-7 |
| WBC6 | WBC/mL | 10579-1 |
| CMT56 | Comment | 48767-8 |