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| Email: | mcl@mayo.edu |
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Test Id : XL2
FOXL2 Mutation Analysis, Tumor
Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Assisting in the clinical diagnosis of adult granulosa cell tumor (GCT) by assessing gene targets with in the FOXL2 gene
This test is not useful for hematological malignancies.
Additional Tests
Lists tests that are always performed, at an additional charge, with the initial tests.
Lists tests that are always performed, at an additional charge, with the initial tests.
| Test Id | Reporting Name | Available Separately | Always Performed |
|---|---|---|---|
| SLIRV | Slide Review in MG | No, Bill Only | Yes |
Testing Algorithm
Delineates situations when tests are added to the initial order. This includes reflex and additional tests.
Delineates situations when tests are added to the initial order. This includes reflex and additional tests.
When this test is ordered, slide review will always be performed at an additional charge.
Special Instructions
Library of PDFs including pertinent information and forms related to the test
Library of PDFs including pertinent information and forms related to the test
Method Name
A short description of the method used to perform the test
A short description of the method used to perform the test
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-Based Next-Generation Sequencing
NY State Available
Indicates the status of NY State approval and if the test is orderable for NY State clients.
Indicates the status of NY State approval and if the test is orderable for NY State clients.
Yes
Reporting Name
Lists a shorter or abbreviated version of the Published Name for a test
Lists a shorter or abbreviated version of the Published Name for a test
FOXL2 Mutation Analysis, Tumor
Aliases
Lists additional common names for a test, as an aid in searching
Lists additional common names for a test, as an aid in searching
Granulosa cell tumor
Ovary
Next Gen Sequencing Test
FOXL2
NGS
XL2
Testing Algorithm
Delineates situations when tests are added to the initial order. This includes reflex and additional tests.
Delineates situations when tests are added to the initial order. This includes reflex and additional tests.
When this test is ordered, slide review will always be performed at an additional charge.
Specimen Type
Describes the specimen type validated for testing
Describes the specimen type validated for testing
Varies
Necessary Information
Pathology report (final or preliminary) at minimum containing the following information must accompany specimen in order for testing to be performed:
1. Patient name
2. Block number-must be on all blocks, slides and paperwork (can be handwritten on the paperwork)
3. Tissue collection date
4. Source of the tissue
Specimen Required
Defines the optimal specimen required to perform the test and the preferred volume to complete testing
Defines the optimal specimen required to perform the test and the preferred volume to complete testing
This assay requires at least 20% tumor nuclei.
-Preferred amount of tumor area with sufficient percent tumor nuclei: tissue144 mm(2)
-Minimum amount of tumor area: tissue 36 mm(2).
-These amounts are cumulative over up to 10 unstained slides and must have adequate percent tumor nuclei.
-Tissue fixation: 10% neutral buffered formalin, not decalcified
-For specimen preparation guidance, see Tissue Requirement for Solid Tumor Next-Generation Sequencing in Special Instructions. In this document, the sizes are given as 4mm x 4mm x 10 slides as preferred: approximate/equivalent to 144 mm(2) and the minimum as 3mm x 1mm x 10 slides: approximate/equivalent to 36mm(2).
Preferred:
Specimen Type: Tissue block
Collection Instructions: Submit a formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue block with acceptable amount of tumor tissue.
Acceptable:
Specimen Type: Tissue slide
Slides: 1 stained and 10 unstained
Collection Instructions: Submit 1 slide stained with hematoxylin and eosin and 10 unstained, nonbaked slides with 5-micron thick sections of the tumor tissue.
Note: The total amount of required tumor nuclei can be obtained by scraping up to 10 slides from the same block.
Specimen Type: Cytology slide (direct smears or ThinPrep)
Slides: 1 to 3 slides
Collection Instructions: Submit 1 to 3 slides stained and cover slipped with a preferred total of 5000 nucleated cells or a minimum of at least 3000 nucleated cells.
Note: Glass coverslips are preferred; plastic coverslips are acceptable but will result in longer turnaround times.
Additional Information: Cytology slides will not be returned.
Special Instructions
Library of PDFs including pertinent information and forms related to the test
Library of PDFs including pertinent information and forms related to the test
Forms
If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send an Oncology Test Request (T729) with the specimen.
Specimen Minimum Volume
Defines the amount of sample necessary to provide a clinically relevant result as determined by the Testing Laboratory
Defines the amount of sample necessary to provide a clinically relevant result as determined by the Testing Laboratory
See Specimen Required
Reject Due To
Identifies specimen types and conditions that may cause the specimen to be rejected
Identifies specimen types and conditions that may cause the specimen to be rejected
| Other | Specimens that have been decalcified (all methods) Specimens that have not been formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded |
Specimen Stability Information
Provides a description of the temperatures required to transport a specimen to the performing laboratory, alternate acceptable temperatures are also included
Provides a description of the temperatures required to transport a specimen to the performing laboratory, alternate acceptable temperatures are also included
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
|---|---|---|---|
| Varies | Ambient (preferred) | ||
| Frozen | |||
| Refrigerated | |||
Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Assisting in the clinical diagnosis of adult granulosa cell tumor (GCT) by assessing gene targets with in the FOXL2 gene
This test is not useful for hematological malignancies.
Testing Algorithm
Delineates situations when tests are added to the initial order. This includes reflex and additional tests.
Delineates situations when tests are added to the initial order. This includes reflex and additional tests.
When this test is ordered, slide review will always be performed at an additional charge.
Clinical Information
Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test
Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test
Granulosa cell tumor (GCT) represents approximately 5% to 10% of all ovarian malignancies and is the most common type of malignant ovarian sex-cord stromal tumor. The majority of patients with GCT (95%) are adults and 5% are juveniles. The histopathological diagnosis of GCT is challenging. Forkhead box L2 (FOXL2) gene is involved in ovarian development and function. The FOXL2 gene point mutation 402C->G in exon 1 (C134W) was reported in the majority of adult GCT (>90%), 5% to 10% of thecomas (tumors closely related to GCT) and less than 10% of juvenile GCT cases, but not in other ovarian tumors. Detection of FOXL2 mutation aids in the clinical diagnosis of adult GCT.
Next-generation sequencing has recently emerged as an accurate, cost-effective method to identify alterations across numerous genes. This test uses formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue or cytology slides to assess for common somatic mutations in the FOXL2 gene known to be associated with adult GCT. The results of this test can be useful for supporting a diagnosis of adult GCT.
Reference Values
Describes reference intervals and additional information for interpretation of test results. May include intervals based on age and sex when appropriate. Intervals are Mayo-derived, unless otherwise designated. If an interpretive report is provided, the reference value field will state this.
Describes reference intervals and additional information for interpretation of test results. May include intervals based on age and sex when appropriate. Intervals are Mayo-derived, unless otherwise designated. If an interpretive report is provided, the reference value field will state this.
An interpretative report will be provided.
Interpretation
Provides information to assist in interpretation of the test results
Provides information to assist in interpretation of the test results
An interpretive report will be provided.
Cautions
Discusses conditions that may cause diagnostic confusion, including improper specimen collection and handling, inappropriate test selection, and interfering substances
Discusses conditions that may cause diagnostic confusion, including improper specimen collection and handling, inappropriate test selection, and interfering substances
This test cannot differentiate between somatic and germline alterations. Additional testing may be necessary to clarify the significance of results if there is a potential hereditary risk.
DNA variants of uncertain significance may be identified.
A negative (wild-type) result does not rule out the presence of a mutation that may be present but below the limits of detection of this assay.
Point mutations and small insertion and deletion mutations will be detected with in the FOXL2 gene only. This test does not detect large single or multiexon deletions, or duplications or genomic copy number variants.
Rare polymorphisms may be present that could lead to false-negative or false-positive results. Test results should be interpreted in the context of clinical findings, tumor sampling and other laboratory data. If results obtained do not match other clinical or laboratory findings, please contact the laboratory for updated interpretation. Misinterpretation of results may occur if the information provided is inaccurate or incomplete.
Reliable results are dependent on adequate specimen collection and processing. This test has been validated on cytology slides and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues; other types of fixatives are discouraged. Improper treatment of tissues, such as decalcification, may cause PCR failure.
Supportive Data
This next-generation sequencing assay detects somatic mutations that can be used to assist in the diagnosis of granulosa cell tumor (GCT).
This assay has been shown to be very reproducible, having a 100% concordance for intra- and interassay reproducibility experiments. All somatic mutations that had been previously identified by various other molecular methods were detected by this assay during accuracy studies. No pathogenic variants were detected in known mutation-negative samples.
Clinical Reference
Recommendations for in-depth reading of a clinical nature
Recommendations for in-depth reading of a clinical nature
1. Shah SP, Kobel M, Senz J, et al: Mutation of FOXL2 in granulosa-cell tumors of the ovary. N Engl J Med 2009;360:2719-2729
2. Kim MS, Hur SY, Yoo NJ, et al: Mutational analysis of FOXL2 codon 134 in granulosa cell tumour of ovary and other human cancers. J Pathol 2010;221:147-152
3. Schrader KA, Gorbatcheva B, Senz J, et al: The specificity of the FOXL2 c.402C->G somatic mutation: a survey of solid tumors. PLoS One 2009 Nov 24;4(11):e7988
4. Benayoun BA, Kalfa N, Sultan C, et al: The forkhead factor FOXL2: a novel tumor suppressor? Biochim Biophys Acta 2010;1805:1-5
Special Instructions
Library of PDFs including pertinent information and forms related to the test
Library of PDFs including pertinent information and forms related to the test
Method Description
Describes how the test is performed and provides a method-specific reference
Describes how the test is performed and provides a method-specific reference
Next-generation sequencing is performed to test for the presence of a mutation in targeted regions of the FOXL2 gene, including exon 1 codons 92-148. (Unpublished Mayo method).
| Gene | GenBank Accession Number | Nucleotide Start | Nucleotide End | Chromosome | Exon | Codons |
| FOXL2 | NM_023067 | 138665124 | 138665246 | Chromosome 3 | Exon 1 | 107-147 |
PDF Report
Indicates whether the report includes an additional document with charts, images or other enriched information
Indicates whether the report includes an additional document with charts, images or other enriched information
No
Day(s) Performed
Outlines the days the test is performed. This field reflects the day that the sample must be in the testing laboratory to begin the testing process and includes any specimen preparation and processing time before the test is performed. Some tests are listed as continuously performed, which means that assays are performed multiple times during the day.
Outlines the days the test is performed. This field reflects the day that the sample must be in the testing laboratory to begin the testing process and includes any specimen preparation and processing time before the test is performed. Some tests are listed as continuously performed, which means that assays are performed multiple times during the day.
Monday through Friday
Report Available
The interval of time (receipt of sample at Mayo Clinic Laboratories to results available) taking into account standard setup days and weekends. The first day is the time that it typically takes for a result to be available. The last day is the time it might take, accounting for any necessary repeated testing.
The interval of time (receipt of sample at Mayo Clinic Laboratories to results available) taking into account standard setup days and weekends. The first day is the time that it typically takes for a result to be available. The last day is the time it might take, accounting for any necessary repeated testing.
12 to 20 days
Performing Laboratory Location
Indicates the location of the laboratory that performs the test
Indicates the location of the laboratory that performs the test
Rochester
Fees
Several factors determine the fee charged to perform a test. Contact your U.S. or International Regional Manager for information about establishing a fee schedule or to learn more about resources to optimize test selection.
Several factors determine the fee charged to perform a test. Contact your U.S. or International Regional Manager for information about establishing a fee schedule or to learn more about resources to optimize test selection.
- Authorized users can sign in to Test Prices for detailed fee information.
- Clients without access to Test Prices can contact Customer Service 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
- Prospective clients should contact their Regional Manager. For assistance, contact Customer Service.
Test Classification
Provides information regarding the medical device classification for laboratory test kits and reagents. Tests may be classified as cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and used per manufacturer instructions, or as products that do not undergo full FDA review and approval, and are then labeled as an Analyte Specific Reagent (ASR) product.
Provides information regarding the medical device classification for laboratory test kits and reagents. Tests may be classified as cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and used per manufacturer instructions, or as products that do not undergo full FDA review and approval, and are then labeled as an Analyte Specific Reagent (ASR) product.
This test was developed, and its performance characteristics determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. This test has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.
CPT Code Information
Provides guidance in determining the appropriate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code(s) information for each test or profile. The listed CPT codes reflect Mayo Clinic Laboratories interpretation of CPT coding requirements. It is the responsibility of each laboratory to determine correct CPT codes to use for billing.
CPT codes are provided by the performing laboratory.
Provides guidance in determining the appropriate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code(s) information for each test or profile. The listed CPT codes reflect Mayo Clinic Laboratories interpretation of CPT coding requirements. It is the responsibility of each laboratory to determine correct CPT codes to use for billing.
CPT codes are provided by the performing laboratory.
CPT codes are provided by the performing laboratory.
81479
88381
Test Setup Resources
Setup Files
Test setup information contains test file definition details to support order and result interfacing between Mayo Clinic Laboratories and your Laboratory Information System.
Test setup information contains test file definition details to support order and result interfacing between Mayo Clinic Laboratories and your Laboratory Information System.
Sample Reports
Normal and Abnormal sample reports are provided as references for report appearance.
Normal and Abnormal sample reports are provided as references for report appearance.
SI Sample Reports
International System (SI) of Unit reports are provided for a limited number of tests. These reports are intended for international account use and are only available through MayoLINK accounts that have been defined to receive them.
International System (SI) of Unit reports are provided for a limited number of tests. These reports are intended for international account use and are only available through MayoLINK accounts that have been defined to receive them.